The Declaration of Sentiments Essay Example

The Declaration of Sentiments Essay The feminist movement,   considered as another historical event besides the extinction of slavery, played an important role in causing the acute awareness of women’s rights and promoting gender equality in society during the last century. While many writers of this time tried to tackle this social issue,  Ã‚   â€Å"The Yellow Wall paper†, a short story written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, is worth being honored as one of the finest and more aware contribution to the women’s movement. In her voice and the portrayal of the main character Jane, Perkins Gilman accomplished a rare feat: the inclusion of the women as a protagonists in a patriarchal world.   In this story, the writer uses the main character, â€Å"I†, a woman in severe mental depression who demonstrates the oppression   that women at the time   were exposed to and expresses   the outcry that gender equality needed (and needs) to be eliminated entirely.The story is a tale of a woman  Ã‚   progressing from the state of normality to depression to a state of  Ã‚   insanity (due to being denied her creative output of writing), however, the underlying theme of the story expresses the average American woman’s desire to act according to her will in the highly patriarchal society of the 19th Century.Throughout the story, Gilman specifically gave the name of the husband: John, however, when she comes down to   the narrator, the most important character in the story, she uses â€Å"I† or â€Å"myself† (she only uses the narrator’s real name, Jane, once).   This different treatment   seems trivial, but it successfully sent an important message to the readers: during that time, women were so insignificant that even theirs names can be ignored. This view can also be taken in the other direction; Perkins Gilman may have used the first person singular in order for the female reader to more quickly take on the narrator’s persona so t hat her events became a part of the reader’s personal history.   Thus, each woman who reads â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† knows the oppression of being denied important aspects of the self; in this case, writing.   For, it is only when Jane is denied being allowed to write that she truly becomes insane.At the beginning of the story, the author first gave a description of the house and the room that the narrator is supposed to move into for her depression treatment. â€Å"there are hedges and walls and gates that lock, and lots of separate little houses for the gardeners and people.† ; â€Å"the windows are barred for little children, and there are rings and things in the walls.† (Gilman). All these detailed description forms a big contrast with the previous paragraph when the narrator tried to inform us the unique garden surrounding this house, â€Å"There is a delicious garden! I never saw such a gardenlarge and shady, full of box-bordered paths, and lined with long grape-covered arbors with seats under them.† (Gilman) If any readers still don’t   sense the coldness and isolation of the house from the comparison, the description of the wall paper allows for the morbidity of the story to truly be felt,   Ã¢â‚¬Å"It is dull enough to confuse the eye in following, pronounced enough to constantly irritate and provoke study†¦ The color is repellent, almost revolting; a smoldering unclean yellow, strangely faded by the slow-turning sunlight†(Gilman)The color of the wallpapers is also important reflecting the inner state of the woman. Yellow reflects the state of depression and deep psychological experience of the woman.   The narrator of The Yellow Wallpaper survives the illusions that romance and marriage deprives feelings of happiness and identity caused by her secondary and insignificant role in the life of her husband. The irony is that the husband who has to take care of his wife is unable to recogniz e serious illness and psychological disorder. He treats his wife using yellow wallpaper, but the only thing she needs is his love and acceptance that she is more than a second class human being.The main symbol of the short story is the yellow wallpaper.   The item is a projection of the main character’s psyche.   Jane sees herself, or a different vision of herself trapped in the wallpaper and she claws at it in order to free herself.   Her husband John has denied her, her one release of writing, stating that it would only endanger her mental state further.   It is in this act of denying Jane what helps her define herself in her world that instigates these psychological damages.The wallpaper is a symbol of the angst a woman feels when she is treated as a second class citizen, of when her opinion doesn’t matter, nor her feelings are considered in the deciding of her own fate.   Jane is a very direct link into the author’s own life story, as Charlotte Per kins-Gilman went through a similar crisis.Another subtle symbol in the text is that of the chains of the bed, which harkens the reader to imagine a mental institute in which the patients were so insane they had to be chained to their beds in order for the other people in the institute to feel safe.   The chains are thus a metaphor for the type of life circumstance Jane is going through.In either symbol it is clear that the idea of escape from a patriarch society is needed in order to re-claim the self.   Just as writing was Jane’s tool in the story so was it Perkins-Gilman’s tool in allowing the readers to realize that identity is the one thing that keeps a person sane.   The association the main character had with her identity, that of writing, was denied her and thus her entire identity was lost.   Writing is the pinnacle symbol in the story, illustrating to the readers that without an outlet, a way of communicating and describing one’s imagination and thoughts there is little point in an existence where the self is refuted.The conclusion is that, she , the narrator,   like a lot of women at the time were trapped in this chaotic pattern of the wallpaper, moreover, this chaos causes the women to feel inferior to men in the society. (yellow symbolizes inferiority.) If a woman, like John’s sister, was content with the situation, and never learn to break loose, the only thing they can hope for are men and their place in a patriarchal society. As a result, these 19th century women will never be treated seriously. That is the reason the narrator decides to tear down the yellow wall paper over her last couple of nights, she felt that she has broken the wallpaper and thus her husband and by extension the whole of society that sought to imprison her. This is a powerful message for the women at that time, and was regarded as a sign of craziness. These efforts are by no means considered easy, she has to crawl around in the room as the women crawl around in the â€Å"yellow wallpaper.In the story, the narrator spends a lot of time on describing her husband and the treatment she received from her doctor. There is one thing that is similar between the doctor and the husband: they are not only both highly educated, successful doctors, but the way they feel about women is   also the same: They want to treat the women with passion, and they are both loving, yet the only cure they have for women with mental depression is absolutely staying away from any meaningful work, even something they love to do. Rest and isolation are their receipt for cure. In the story, the narrator is treated like a baby by her husband, she was never treated as a patient.Sunlight is a symbol of her husband’s schedule; he is always available to give her the prescription every walking hour, then he will go somewhere the narrator is not always sure of. The schedule for the narrator is kind of â€Å"strange†, she prefers to sle ep in the sunlight, yet during the moonlight, when her husband’s control loosens, the narrator can be secretively creative. She even creeps outside not being afraid of being caught. The reader cannot   blame the narrator, because this is the only time, during the moonlight, she can find her identity and brave enough to realize her deeply hidden desires. The comparison between oppressive sunlight and free-spirited moonlight further helps the reader understand what the main character has been going through day by day.One more important point that the reader can understand after reading the whole story is aesthetic changes through insanity: Gilmans prose is a model for a convincingly gradual and subtle decline into insanity. The narrators tone changes from naà ¯ve and depressed to paranoid and excited, and as she grows insane, her sentences reflect the state of her mind. Much like the chaotic pattern in the wallpaper, the sentences get choppy and confusing, grafting together disconnected one-line comments.In real life, the author, Ms. Charlotte Perkins Gilman, is a well educated woman who has a strong sense of self-consciousness,   has developed an emotion disorder due to the fatigue and depression.   The prescription she got from her doctor was trying to abandon something she loves to do – writing. This is when â€Å"The Yellow wallpaper† was born. This is truly a wonderful piece by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. It reflects the psychological suffering women have to go through during that period of time, and Ms. Gilman accuses society of putting women into this state of paranoia, depression and self-destruction. It discloses the root cause of gender inequality and serves as the marker for the upcoming feminist movement.

Free Essays on The Scarlet Letter Of Sin

Among Sin Essay written by: PeachiKiwi Sin is defined in Webster’s New World Dictionary as, â€Å"any offense, fault, or the willful breaking of religious or moral law.† Mankind is prone to some degree of sin: it is a barrier that can not be avoided. But it is a question as to what mankind can do in order to achieve redemption from sinister ways, and also how to redeem. However great a sin may seem, it can only augment itself by the perpetrator not owning up and taking responsibility for it. In the book The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne, perhaps the greatest sinner was Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale. Many of Hawthorne's works center around what is right or wrong, and the consequences of breaking the basic links between humans by committing acts of sin (Brown). In this book, Reverend Dimmesdale is Hester Prynne’s secret lover, with whom he shares his sin, the sin of adultery. It is ironic that dispite Dimmesdale’s profession, he commits this sin. For a great amount of time in this book, author Nathaniel Hawthorne shows how this sin is frowned upon by many of the townspeople. Arthur Dimmesdale is an eminent minister in Boston and also the father of Pearl. He is a tortured man who constantly places his hand over his heart when agitated. His health is quite bad, and it is thanks to Roger Chillingworth's potions that he is able to stay alive. Dimmesdale admits to being Pearl's father at the very end of the novel, and reveals that he has a scarlet letter branded into his flesh. He dies upon the scaffold while holding Hester's hand. For seven long years, Mr. Dimmesdale lacks the courage to admit his guilt publicly, which puts a tight clamp on his conscience and soul. His sin is prolonged inside of him, festering in every corner of his body and plaguing in his mind... Free Essays on The Scarlet Letter Of Sin Free Essays on The Scarlet Letter Of Sin Among Sin Essay written by: PeachiKiwi Sin is defined in Webster’s New World Dictionary as, â€Å"any offense, fault, or the willful breaking of religious or moral law.† Mankind is prone to some degree of sin: it is a barrier that can not be avoided. But it is a question as to what mankind can do in order to achieve redemption from sinister ways, and also how to redeem. However great a sin may seem, it can only augment itself by the perpetrator not owning up and taking responsibility for it. In the book The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne, perhaps the greatest sinner was Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale. Many of Hawthorne's works center around what is right or wrong, and the consequences of breaking the basic links between humans by committing acts of sin (Brown). In this book, Reverend Dimmesdale is Hester Prynne’s secret lover, with whom he shares his sin, the sin of adultery. It is ironic that dispite Dimmesdale’s profession, he commits this sin. For a great amount of time in this book, author Nathaniel Hawthorne shows how this sin is frowned upon by many of the townspeople. Arthur Dimmesdale is an eminent minister in Boston and also the father of Pearl. He is a tortured man who constantly places his hand over his heart when agitated. His health is quite bad, and it is thanks to Roger Chillingworth's potions that he is able to stay alive. Dimmesdale admits to being Pearl's father at the very end of the novel, and reveals that he has a scarlet letter branded into his flesh. He dies upon the scaffold while holding Hester's hand. For seven long years, Mr. Dimmesdale lacks the courage to admit his guilt publicly, which puts a tight clamp on his conscience and soul. His sin is prolonged inside of him, festering in every corner of his body and plaguing in his mind...

Buddhism1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Buddhism1 - Essay Example Thirdly, I was surprised to learn that Buddhism to a certain extent is a rebel religion. I never thought that it is important to engage the analysis of Hinduism which is the dominant spiritual tradition in the area when it comes to understanding the true meaning of the religion in question. The part of the text which dealt with four noble truths as well as eightfold path was extremely informative for me since it contained a brief summary of the Buddhist teaching and allowed me to learn the fundamental concepts of it in a short period of time. Finally, having read the text, I think that there is a great future ahead Buddhism. Indeed, while other religions are primarily based on some miracles and encourage people to look outside for the answers, Buddhism argues that all the answers are inside. I believe that numerous people around the world would find the tenets of this spiritual tradition quite interesting and will be willing to incorporate it into their

Impact upon the Merger Case between BRITIVIC and AG Barr Essay

Impact upon the Merger Case between BRITIVIC and AG Barr - Essay Example The main aim of this article is to analyze the case of the merger of Britvic as a strategy to compete with Coca-Cola and the various issues that arose post-merger. In the UK, carbonated soft drink market can be identified as tight oligopolistic market structure according to Shepherd’s classification of markets but majority dominated by Coca-Cola with a 57% market. Britvic is one of Coca Cola’s rival in a position of the second biggest but only with 14% market share. Faced with the much stronger market position of Coke Cola Company, in 2013, Britvic announced the intention to merge with AG Barr, which has the third biggest market share by 4%, as one way of acquiring enough strength to compete with the Soft Drinks Giant. In response, the Office of Fair Trade announced the need to make a thorough competition analysis for the two companies to identify the possible impacts of the merger in the market. The merger between is a typical horizontals merger as both companies produce the homogenous product. According to Britvic, a merger will help the company to gain enough ground to compete with Coca-Cola which would reduce their dominance because horizontal integration in the industry would have the significant impact upon changing of the market structure. If the monopoly effect in the industry can be declined due to two small market share equipped companies combined to compete against the dominant company, the consumers will have a higher bargaining power and may have the opportunity of purchasing soft drinks at a cheaper price. However, the Office of Fair Trade identifies that the merger will result in the formation of two giants, which will reduce completion and the risk of hiked prices after the merger.

Fundamentals of Hypothesis Designing and Testing Essay

Fundamentals of Hypothesis Designing and Testing - Essay Example Definition: A statistical hypothesis is an assertion regarding the distribution of a variable or variables. If a statistical hypothesis completely specifies the distribution, it is referred to as a simple hypothesis; if not, it is referred to as a composite hypothesis (Goodman, 1999). The testing of a statistical hypothesis is the application of an explicit set of rules for deciding whether to accept the hypothesis or to reject it (Hinkelmann & Kempthorne, 2008). The method of conducting any statistical hypothesis testing can be outlined in six steps: The alternative hypothesis, which we denote by H1, expresses the idea of some difference. Alternative hypotheses may be one or two sided (Kaye & Freedman, 2011). Usually, the setting of the problem determines the alternative even before the data has been collected. †¢ Type II error: Reject H1 whilst factual; the chance of making a type II error is symbolized by {3. The objective in all hypothesis testing is to set the Type I error level, also known as the significance level, at a low enough value, and then to use a test statistic which minimizes the Type II error level for a given sample size. As we fix the Type I error level, it is best to devise the test in a way that the Type I error is most serious, in terms of cost (Lehmann & Romano, 2005). A critical P -value is the probability that is set by the person doing the test; it is the threshold for the P-value that the tester will use to decide whether the sample is unusual enough, compared to the hypothesized population, to indicate that the null hypothesis should be turned down in favor of the other option (McCloskey & Stephen, 2008). The calculated test statistic is compared to the sampling distribution that the statistic would have if the null hypothesis was factual. The comparison is summarized into a probability called a P-value: this is the probability, if the null hypothesis is factual, that the statistic would be at

HR Department Is Playing A More Significant Role Commerce Essay

HR Department Is Playing A More Significant Role Commerce Essay It is said that the HR department is playing a more significant role in organizational strategic planning processes today than it did 20 years ago, how do you explain this? In a company, what difficulties would an HRM executive face in assessing and then communicating to other department heads, the contribution of his or her area to the company profit margin? It is said that the HR department is playing a more significant role in organization strategic planning process today than it did 20 years ago because of these reasons as following: First, today environment business have been changing, companies have reinforced by global competition, technical changing, opportunities difficulty, global employment. By thus, human resource management takes more challenge, classical human management likes order, force and consider employee as other tools that conception is not appreciated. Human resources management is toward to promote and develop human ability accordance with development of organization. Second, today strategy business cannot separate human resource strategy, human resources management supports other departments get their objectives. By thus, roles of human resources department have been changing from it did. It has to invest in human resource for long term, coordinate closely with function departments, human resource appreciation is basement to promote and develop. However, in a company an HRM executive often face in assessing and then communicating to other department heads relevant to salary, reward, promotion, and discipline. Therefore, human resource executive should be professional knowledge about human resource management, building a good communicate with employee, and becomes a bridge between employee and owner to satisfy their objectives. In brief, human resources management connects closely with all activities of organization and it is become a part of strategy management. Question II: Historically, HRM activities and tools were developed and implemented by a department or functional unit. Today, however, operating managers are in the forefront in applying and modifying HRM tools and activities. Why has this shift in application occurred? How is the work of operating managers similar to that of physicians who must conduct a diagnosis before treating a patient? Answer: Historically, human resource management activities and tools were developed and implemented by a department or functional unit. Recently, roles of human resource management have been changing from administration to embedded qualify performance. Strategy of human resource management focuses and integrates into organization strategy. By thus, human resource management is in the forefront of overall strategy organization. Individuals in organization should have responsibilities with all issues of human resource management. Its activities is not limited in labor arrangement, operation manager should take participant into activities of human resources department to ensure that human resources is used most efficient accordance with organization objectives. Human resources management modern uses ARDM model, it is method for operation managers appreciate effective elements to human resource. The ARDM model includes four steps such as diagnosis, prescription, implementation, and evaluation. Similar with a doctor have to define what is reason lead to illness, operation manager have to define status job performance in connection with internal and external elements of ARDM, then they issue prescription, it is activities and remedy to deal with illness status. After that, doctor has to re-test, follow-up examination, operation manager also should re-appreciate influences of prescription. Question III: Sexual harassment is often found in our society. How does EEOC explain sexual harassment? What can managers do to minimize their chance of litigation and being found negligent with regard to sexual harassment? Answer: Sexual harassment is considered a type of sex discrimination provided by EEO of United States. There are two type of sexual harassment, which are quid pro quo and hostile work environment. Quid pro quo is the exchange of sexual favors for job benefits such as increase salary, promotion, or other benefits. Meanwhile, hostile work environment is creation of an offensive working environment. In order to minimize chance of litigation and being found negligent with regard to sexual harassment, organization should apply measurements to eliminate sexual harassment. Companies have to setting up a policy to prevent from sexual harassment, and inform to all staffs to element absolutely. Besides that, companies have to investigate carefully and strictly to deal with accuse of sexual harassment. Difference from the U.S, Vietnamese impacted on oriental and traditional culture, so people are not opened and very shy to talk about sexual especially women. Therefore, in Vietnam organization, sexual harassment issues are difficult to exposing. However, sexual harassment likes as artesian waters flows in all companies and become pervasive. This actual motivates managers who focus on educating and establishing the rules comprises disciplined for acts of sexual harassment. In my opinion, starting with Vietnamese experience is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“prevention is better than againstà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , I think that every individual should try your best to protection yourself from sexual harassment in the workplace. Question IV: Where would you place yourself on each of the five work-related cultural dimensions identified by Hofstede (e.g., high on individualism)? Why? Explain the Sullivan Principles? How have these principles helped organizations understand the ethical issues they face when conducting business in foreign cultures? Answer: According to Hefstede, there are five aspects culture to evaluation a culture, and compare among different cultures, which includes such as individualism versus collectivism, power distance, avoidance of uncertainty, masculinity, and long term versus short term orientation. These examinations can list out knowledge about various cultures, this study is very useful to working in multi-national company. The result of research about dimensions culture of Vietnam and compare with several cultures is show as following: Country Power distance Individual versus collectivism Masculinity Avoidance of uncertainty Long-term versus short term orientation Vietnam 70 20 40 30 80 China 80 20 66 30 118 Japan 54 46 95 92 80 The U.S 40 91 62 46 29 Cultural nations are different from dependence on natural culture, education, and system of law. Sullivan listed out six principles to deal with cultural differences in multi cultural working environment. Despite, these principles give in Appartheid period but it can apply in many countries because its aims toward to person, services for human and human rights. These principles is similar with a guidance for companies to protect human rights, create an equal opportunities, ensure a good working condition, good heath, increase standard of living and so on. Question V: As a current (or future) manager, how will you communicate the requirements of an entry-level customer service representative to a candidate who just arrived at your office for an interview? Will you describe the job in terms of competencies? Knowledge, skills, or abilities? Explain your answer. Answer: As a current manager, when a candidate arrived at my office for an interview, I will indicate to applicant my organization requirement of an entry-level customer service representative. These requirements are detailed as job description and specifications which was carefully studied by candidates. Therefore, interviewer just only talks to interviewee about advance requirement for future requirement of organization, accompany with firm strategy. Today, candidates often consider about ability to development and promotion, it is important element to attract candidate joining to our organization. By thus, this information is very useful and helps candidates imagine about their career, prepare knowledge, change study to accordance with firm strategy, changing business environment. By thus, candidates who are distance from traditional requirement need satisfy KSAO for entry-level customer service representative responsibility. However, organizations often prefer candidates who can competencies for several assignment even other position. Manager should give program in order to supporting of staffs implement competencies, throughout they can become flexibility. As a result, human arrangement becomes more elastic. For example, an entry-level customer service representative is not only welcome customer in the first step but also he or she can move to other step to continuing with customer requirement Question VI: Recently some companies began to use temporary employees? Do you know why? Assume your company wants you to make a recruitment advertising for hiring temporary employees, what guidelines will you follow to make sure that recruitment advertising does not violate equal employment laws? Answer: During twenty years ago, using temporary is become pervasive trend. There are several reasons to explaining for this trend as follow: Business competition is getting more challenge, technical development influences on doing business, which leads that companies always face re-organized, by thus, human resource management have to enthusiastic to match on the challenges, environment changing very fast. Beside on building a competencies human resource, organizations often use temporary employee to deal with shortage of human resources, and this method can find employee quickly. Moreover, there are server advantages when company can use temporary such as low expenditures, reducing social benefits, do not training, can find fit candidates in short time, and using temporary is not effect to re-organized. In Vietnam, using temporary is more common in manufacture, production than others, and temporary are often with low qualification, and worker mainly. There is a notice that organization should study carefully law, stipulation or regulations especially EEO law before building an advertisement for recruiting temporary employee. In order to braking out law or stipulation, advertisement has to execute several principles such as avoiding preference or priority for any race, sexual, religions, nation, skin color and so on

Why the Major Cities of Britain Were Bombed by the Germans in 1940 - 19

Why the Major Cities of Britain Were Bombed by the Germans in 1940 - 1941 Immediately after the defeat of France in the June of 1940, Adolf Hitler gave his generals the orders to organise the invasion of Britain. This plan was code-named Operation Sealion and its objective was to land 160,000 German fighters along a forty mile stretch of south-east England's coast. It was only a few weeks before a large fleet of vessels was ready for attack. Among them 2000 barges lay waiting for the go ahead in German, Belgian and French harbours. As Hitler's generals were concerned about the damage the R.A.F could inflict upon their armada the invasion was postponed until the British air force had been annihilated. On 12th August the mass bomber attacks on radar stations, aircraft factories and fighter airfields began; This attack was followed by daily raids on Britain, this became the beginning of the Battle of Britain. Although these plans were drawn up Hitler was never very keen on them, his lack of enthusiasm caused their abandonment on October the 12th 1940. Instead of invasion Hitler switched his efforts to pounding Britain into submission with gruesome sustained nightly bombing campaign. 'Blitz' the German word for lightening was applied by the British press to the raids carried out over Britain in 1940 and 1941. This concentrated direct bombing of industrial targets and civilian centres began on 7th September 1940 with heavy raids on London and other major cities. Manchester (marked ('A') London Belfast Sheffield Coventry Portsmouth Glasgow Edinburgh Canterbury Newcastle Norwich Su... ...r pipe. Censorship of photographs was very common during the blitz. Photographs were not always censored because they showed death and disasters of the worst kind, but also because they portrayed the misery and angst of civilians, and depicted the widening gap between the ways of life of the working classes in comparison. However all the censorship could not hide the damage nor repair it and it could not erase the images of burning and dismembered corpses in the minds of the people. Although the people stoically stood shoulder-to-shoulder against the onslaught, what they suffered was nothing compared to what the Germans were going to suffer. As Sir Arthur (bomber) Harris said when he had the new generation of long-range heavy bombers at his disposal "They have sown the wind, now they will reap the whirlwind".

Economic Features of Beer Industry Essay

The beer industry is incredibly large industry that has an enormous effect on the country, contributing greatly to the society. Two of its main contributions include tax dollars and jobs. The beer industry serves the country through its taxes, jobs, and purchases from other suppliers, its contribution to agriculture and more. The market growth rate of the beer industry is perplexing which is evident through following production statistics of top brewing companies (in millions hectaliters) In 2000In 2005 1. Annheuser-Busch-1211. InBev-233. 5. 2. Heineken-742. Anneheuser-Busch-152 3. Ambev-633. SABMiller-135 4. Miller Brewing 534. Hieinken-107 5. SAB (South Africa Breweries)-435. Carlsberg-78 6. Interbrew-876. Scottish &Newcastle-52 The national market consists of few major competitors as mentioned above. After 1990’s some of the leaders started expanding abroad, using progressive consolidation and leading to a small number of global players in the industry by 2004-2007. Which created high level of competition amongst the leading brands and a fight to gain the most market share. The Scope of competitive rivalry is also one the best way to identify the economic characteristics of any industry; with the beer industry the scope entails the global geographic area over which most of the leading brewing leaders compete. Penetration in the foreign market arena is becoming a key success indicator for most of the competitors in the beer industry. Use of high-speed packaging line helps in processing thousands of cases of beer per day, and with modern computerized control, the inventory can be tracked throughout the distribution network. These inventions are setting a faster pace of technological change in the industry, where by companies are delving into extensive research, and employing highly qualified personnel in order to beat the competition. To comprehensively examine the brewing industry we must also consider the factors of social ramifications to the product, the political climate, and the arena of technological advances within the business environment of the beer industry. Over the years in order to gain economies of scale some leaders have tried to increase the size of their plants, improve packaging and introduce automated breweries, thus reflecting few of the business characteristics dominant in the industry. Grupo Modelo for example tried to expand into the American beer market by the use of competitive distribution channels. Therefore indicating an economical ripple effect experienced through the effective use of technology and distribution channels in hand.

The Civil War and the Second Battle of Fort Fisher

The Civil War and the Second Battle of Fort Fisher The Second Battle of Fort Fisher occurred during the American Civil War (1861-1865). Armies Commanders: Union Major General Alfred TerryRear Admiral David D. Porter9,600 men60 ships Confederates General Braxton BraggMajor General William WhitingMajor General Robert HokeColonel William Lamb1,900 men The second Union attack on Fort Fisher took place from January 13 to January 15, 1865. Background By late 1864, Wilmington, NC became the last major seaport open to Confederate blockade runners. Located on the Cape Fear River, the citys seaward approaches were guarded by Fort Fisher, which was situated at the tip of Federal Point. Modeled on Sevastopols Malakoff Tower, the fort was largely constructed of earth and sand which provided greater protection than brick or stone fortifications. A formidable bastion, Fort Fisher mounted a total of 47 guns with 22 in the seaward batteries and 25 facing the land approaches. Initially a collection of small batteries, Fort Fisher was transformed into fortress following the arrival of Colonel William Lamb in July 1862. Aware of Wilmingtons importance, Union Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant dispatched a force to capture Fort Fisher in December 1864. Led by Major General Benjamin Butler, this expedition met with failure later that month. Still eager to close Wilmington to Confederate shipping, Grant sent a second expedition south in early January under the leadership of Major General Alfred Terry. The Plans Leading a provisional corps of troops from the Army of the James, Terry coordinated his assault with a massive naval force led by Rear Admiral David D. Porter. Comprised of over 60 ships, it was one of the largest Union fleets assembled during the war. Aware that another Union force was moving against Fort Fisher, Major General William Whiting, commander of the District of Cape Fear, requested reinforcements from his department commander, General Braxton Bragg. While initially reluctant to reduce his forces at Wilmington, Bragg did send some men raising the forts garrison to 1,900. To further aid the situation, the division of Major General Robert Hoke was shifted to block a Union advance up the peninsula towards Wilmington. Arriving off Fort Fisher, Terry began landing his troops between the fort and Hokes position on January 13. Completing the landing unmolested, Terry spent the 14th reconnoitering the forts outer defenses. Deciding that it could be taken by storm, he began planning his attack for the next day. On January 15, Porters ships opened fire on the fort and in a prolonged bombardment succeeded in silencing all but two of its guns. The Assault Begins During this time, Hoke succeeded in slipping around 400 men around Terrys troops to reinforce the garrison. As the bombardment wound down, a naval force of 2,000 sailors and marines attacked the forts seaward wall near a feature known as the Pulpit. Led by Lieutenant Commander Kidder Breese, this attack was repulsed with heavy casualties. While a failure, Breeses assault drew Confederate defenders away from the forts river gate where Brigadier General Adelbert Ames division was preparing to advance. Sending his first brigade forward, Ames men cut through the abatis and palisades. Overrunning the outer works, they succeeded in taking the first traverse. Advancing with his second brigade under Colonel Galusha Pennypacker, Ames was able to breach the river gate and enter the fort. Ordering them to fortify a position within the forts interior, Ames men fought their way along the north wall. Aware that the defenses had been breached Whiting and Lamb ordered the guns at Battery Buchanan, at the peninsulas southern tip, to fire on the north wall. As his men consolidated their position, Ames found that his lead brigades attack had stalled near the forts fourth traverse. The Fort Falls Bringing up Colonel Louis Bells brigade, Ames renewed the assault. His efforts were met by a desperate counterattack which was personally led by Whiting. The charge failed and Whiting was mortally wounded. Pressing deeper into the fort, the Union advance was greatly aided by fire from Porters ships off shore. Realizing that situation was grave, Lamb attempted to rally his men but was wounded before he could organize another counterattack. With night falling, Ames wished to fortify his position, however Terry ordered the fight to continue and sent in reinforcements. Pressing forward, Union troops became increasingly disorganized as their officers were wounded or killed. All three of Ames brigade commanders were out of action as were a number of his regimental commanders. As Terry pushed his men on, Lamb turned over command of the fort to Major James Reilly while the wounded Whiting again requested reinforcements from Bragg. Unaware that the situation was desperate, Bragg dispatched Major General Alfred H. Colquitt to relieve Whiting. Arriving at Battery Buchanan, Colquitt realized the hopelessness of the situation. Having taken the north wall and most of the seawall, Terrys men outflanked the Confederate defenders and routed them. Seeing Union troops approach, Colquitt fled back across the water, while the wounded Whiting surrendered the fort around 10:00 PM. Aftermath of the Second Battle of Fort Fisher The fall of Fort Fisher effectively doomed Wilmington and closed it to Confederate shipping. This eliminated the last major seaport available to blockade runners. The city itself was captured a month later by Major General John M. Schofield. While the assault was a victory, it was marred by the death of 106 Union soldiers when the forts magazine exploded on January 16. In the fighting, Terry suffered 1,341 killed and wounded, while Whiting lost 583 killed and wounded and the remainder of the garrison captured. Sources North Carolina Historic Sites: Battle of Fort FisherCWSAC Battle Summaries: Battle of Fort Fisher

The End of the Commonwealth essays

The End of the Commonwealth essays The Commonwealth was a very different period for England. It was a new form of government, which had never been tried before. Prior to this period England had only been ruled by monarchs, who were thought to be given power through divine right. The leader of the Commonwealth, Oliver Cromwell, didnt get his power through divine right, but more through military power. The Commonwealth lasted from 1649-1660, ending because of Olivers death and the lack of his son Richards ability to follow in the footsteps of his father. In order to understand why the Commonwealth ended after Cromwells death, one must first understand its leader and how the Commonwealth started. Oliver Cromwell was born into a common family of English country Puritans. He had no particular advantages that would prepare him for leading a country. Yet he had a God given ability to earn the loyalty and respect of the people around him. Cromwell's early years were ordinary, but at the age of twenty-seven he had this sense of his divine destiny that God had in store for him. He was a quiet, simple, serious-minded man, who spoke very little. But when he did speak, people listened and did not question. As a justice of the peace, his exploits lead him to be noticed by Puritan locals who in turn sent him to Parliament as their representative. There he attracted attention with his blunt, forcible speech as a member of the Independent Party which was made up of Puritans (DAV 145). The English people wanted the establishment of a democratic parliamentary system of civil government and the elimination of the divine right of kings. King Charles I, the tyrant who had long persecuted the English Puritans by having their ears cut off and their noses slit for going against his attempts to force their churches to episcopacy, finally collided with Parliament over a long ordeal with new and revolutionary ideas. The Puritans, or "Roundheads" as they were...

Libyas Tourism Industry Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

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Darden Resturaunts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 10000 words

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