The Carolingian Renaissance By Kelli Floyd - 804 Words

The Carolingian Renaissance By: Kelli Floyd Introduction The Carolingian Renaissance was a very important time in history that had a very large impact on Western Civilization. There is no way to know how different our world would have been without it. Both written and spoken language would have likely been radically different without both Charlemagne and Alcuin of York. What is the Carolingian Renaissance? The Carolingian Renaissance was a period of history brought on by Charlemagne. The respect that Charlemagne had for scholars and knowledge in general was huge, despite the fact that he could not read or write. Also, in spite of his illiteracy, he studied many subjects, from languages to astronomy. At the time when Charlemagne took power, most of his subjects were illiterate and couldn’t speak standard Latin. The only people who seemed to be the exception were the clergy. This was apparently unacceptable to Charlemagne. In order to better promote this knowledge revival that he so craved, he gathered many of the greatest scholars of his time in his court. There may have been around one hundred and twenty scholars at his court during this time period. This fellowship of many great thinkers brought on what was later called Carolingian Renaissance. It was during this time that there was a resurgence in literature, a need for learning, and revival of culture. The scholars and monk s of this time collected many classic texts and had them translated into Latin. Renaissance

Anne De France The Tradition Of Chivalry, Use Of Power,...

In the basis of ancient medieval literature, there were at least three principle concepts that were guidelines for writers: the tradition of chivalry, use of power, and the art of courtly love. In her lais, or lyrical narrative, Marie de France uses all three of them, but not exactly in the traditional sense that men of her time favored. Through her writings, Marie de France has shown great focus on members of the aristocracy that were not as prominently acknowledged, which included both women and single knights, and portrayed characters that she observed in real life in ways that did or did not conform to their stereotypes. Additionally, she challenged the roles often found in 12th century writings by using ordinary heroines and heroes to work through both genuine and figurative conflicts. Through the lai of â€Å"Lanval†, Marie subtly works through the theme of courtly love in a separate ideal setting that both challenges and reverses the typical gender roles without complet ely letting go of the accepted cultural standards of that time. In order for a gender role reversal to happen there needs to be a set stereotype. In the 12th century, English men and women were divided into set roles. The male characters, typically knights and those of noble status, we’re expected to be very wealthy, had a group of both knights and comrades he was close with that happened to be part of the upper class system, and, of course, handsome. They often searched for the affections of women and

Possession of Knowledge Tok Free Essays

TOK Outline Essay title – â€Å"The possession of knowledge carries an ethical responsibility†. Evaluate this claim. What knowledge issues I think are involved †¢How can you possess knowledge? How do you acquire it and do these ways affect your responsibility of imparting it on others? †¢How is the knowledge you have affected by your personal ethics? Some people would have no problem giving out certain pieces of knowledge while others would be very trouble giving out exactly the same information. We will write a custom essay sample on Possession of Knowledge Tok or any similar topic only for you Order Now †¢How can one know when they are ethically responsible? How do you know how big the impact of the knowledge you are giving will have on the recipient? Ways of knowing, Areas of knowledge that are involved. †¢Ways of knowing oReason – Has huge relevance to the essay title. You use reason to decide how the knowledge you have will affect the recipient and if it is ethically responsible to do this. oEmotion – Emotion will always affect your decisions when doing something, For example if you don’t want to say something to someone as it may hurt them but they have a right to know. Introduction: †¢State my view on the claim, whether I agree/ disagree oI agree with the statement above, its up to you whether or not to impart certain knowledge you have, depending on the situation. Person you’re speaking to, what the knowledge is, how it will affect them. †¢Thesis statement. 2nd paragraph †¢Try and explain the knowledge issues; â€Å"How can one know when they are ethically responsible† etc. See above for a list of some knowledge issues. †¢Discuss ethics, ‘possession of knowledge’ rd paragraph †¢State first area of knowledge – Ethics †¢State an example linking the AOK to the title. oAlbert Einstein’s involvement in the creation of the atom bomb. Knew it was going to be used in warfare. †¢Link it to the thesis statement, for and against oAs a scientist ethically responsible to impart his findings to the world. oBut as a human being he could have kept it to himself in order to save peopleâ₠¬â„¢s lives †¢Make sure that both sides of the argument are stated. 4th Paragraph Same as 2nd paragraph except with second area of knowledge – Natural and human sciences. †¢Biology – example would be Ben Johnson at the 1988 olympic. Doctors ethical responsibility to give him the drugs knowing their effect and the details while Ben Johnson just trusted his professional ability. †¢Economics – Bank crisis in 2008. Did the banks have an ethical responsibility to tell the public that their money was being used for other things, instead of just letting the money be lost and telling them after they had invested it all. th paragraph †¢Explain how ways of knowing will be linked to the claim – Reason †¢Provide example. oIf someone stops you on the street and asks for directions then you use reason to determine that it seems perfectly fine for you to impart the knowledge you have and that it coincides with your ethics. 6th paragraph †¢S ame as above with other way of knowing – emotion oA doctor giving the results of tests to a patient and telling them that they are terminally ill. They may not want to impart that knowledge as they know it will greatly affect the person and emotionally you wouldn’t want to be giving that information. But they are ethically responsible as professionals to give that information. oAnother example that would go with this is a police officer having to tell the next of kin that they family member has died. Conclusion †¢Evaluate all the points that have been talked about. †¢Restate your thesis statement and talk about if you agree/ disagree again. †¢Don’t bring up any new points! †¢Round off the essay nicely, no trailing points. How to cite Possession of Knowledge Tok, Essay examples

Internet Safety free essay sample

When browsing on the internet, we rarely think about how the internet came to existence. We often go about our routine lives and don’t think about how the internet today has made it so convenient for people to get in touch with one another. This in turn has frequently led many people to having their identities stolen and also experienced being victims of online sexual predators. In this paper, we will discuss how with the evolution of the internet today, more people are able to get in touch with one another; therefore leading to the the harsh reality and safety precautions one can take when being online. The Internet was the result of some visionary thinking by people in the early 1960s who saw great potential value in allowing computers to share information on research and development in scientific and military fields. J. C. R. Licklider of the Michigan Institute of Technology, first proposed a global network of computers in 1962. Soon after, Licklider moved over to the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) in late 1962 to head the work to develop it. Leonard Kleinrock of MIT developed the theory of packet switching, which was to form the basis of Internet connections. Lawrence Roberts of MIT connected a Massachusetts computer with a California computer in 1965 over dial-up telephone lines (Kristula 2001). It showed the feasibility of wide area networking, but also showed that the telephone lines circuit switching was inadequate. Kleinrocks packet switching theory was confirmed. Roberts moved over to DARPA in 1966 and developed his plan for ARPANET. These visionaries, and many more left unnamed, are the real founders of the Internet. Since 1966, the evolution of the internet has reached levels that no one would’ve ever thought to believe. Today, people can get in touch with one another like never before. We are provided with E-mails, AOL, Instant messaging, and the most common, Facebook and Myspace. Facebook and Myspace are commonly used to get ahold of or keep in touch with friends and family. The users of today on Facebook gross over sixty million active people. Half of the users being college students. It is known as the sixth-most trafficked site in the United States and is used all throughout the world. Myspace on the other hand, has more than 110 million monthly active users around the world including the United States, the UK, Japan, Australia, France, Germany, and many more. Over 85% of all Myspace users are atleast eighteen years old; also, one in four United States citizens has an active myspace account (TechRadar. com). Having websites such as Facebook and Myspace, it also leads to having online sexual predators to better access to members of society. Many teens have Internet accessoften private communication in the form of blogs, chat rooms, and forums. These online communication aids are not themselves a problem. But the ever-present threat of being sexually solicited or bullied while on the Internet is a big problem. While online, teens may be persuaded to do things or share private/confidential information, to be sexually solicited, and/or to experience public humiliation. Recent testimony on child protection before Congress, alerted the public to online sexual solicitation of teens. However, parents and youth workers may be less aware of cyber bullying in which peers viciously attack one another. Online sexual solicitation is a form of sexual harassment that occurs over the internet. Incidents of online sexual solicitation include: exposure to pornography; being asked to discuss sex online and/or do something sexual; or requests to disclose personal information (Onlinesafety. org. ) This can start when an adult or peer initiates an online nonsexual relationship with a child or adolescent, builds trust, and seduces him or her into sexual acts. Several studies have found that 30% of teen girls who used the Internet frequently had been sexually harassed while they were in a chat room. Thirty-seven percent of teens (male and female) received links to sexually explicit content online. Thirty percent of teens have talked about meeting someone they met online. Nineteen percent knew a friend who was harassed or asked about sex online by a stranger. Thirty-three percent of teen girls and Eighteen percent of teen boys had been asked about sexual topics online (Forgarty 2002. ) There are several signs, traits, life circumstances, and actions that parents and adults should be aware of in order to keep teens from online communication with sexual predators. Studies find that teens at the greatest risk for online sexual solicitation are  females between the ages of fourteen and seventeen years, teens with major depressive symptoms and/or who have experienced negative life transitions (moving to a new neighborhood, a death or divorce in their family) are especially vulnerable, teens who use the internet more frequently, for four or more days a week at two or more hours a day and lastly, teens who engage in high online risk behavior (Hughes 2002. To help parents have control on the information and material that their children are looking at, they should always be aware of when the child is on the computer, talk to the children about the precautions to have before entering on the internet, and also try to block sites from the computer and having the child able to access those sites (Safekids. com 2007. ) We chose to interview her because Jordan was recently made aware of how easily one person can be tracked through the internet. Jordan is nineteen years old and is a current member of Myspace. She was ambushed by the cast of Channel 5 News one day and they interviewed her outside her house after gathering information only from her Myspace. The news cast found out that she was a cheerleader at Champion Cheer, the knew what car she drove, found out her address, parents names, license plate numbers, and the school to which she attended. This was all information that they gathered from her pictures and â€Å"About Me† section. When she realized how easily someone could track her down, â€Å"it was a very uneasy feeling† Jordan claimed. â€Å"It is very easy to put up information about yourself and not realize how much you’re putting up on the Myspace page. † This once again concretes the fact that predators online can get information very easily. People in society are aware that with the evolution of the internet, we are more conveniently able to get ahold of and keep in touch with one another. Though, they don’t realize that with this evolution, it has also been another way for predators to become more aware of the citizens in the society. People should always be aware of any information that they are soliciting or the their kids would be having access to on the internet.

The Declaration of Sentiments Essay Example

The Declaration of Sentiments Essay The feminist movement,   considered as another historical event besides the extinction of slavery, played an important role in causing the acute awareness of women’s rights and promoting gender equality in society during the last century. While many writers of this time tried to tackle this social issue,  Ã‚   â€Å"The Yellow Wall paper†, a short story written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, is worth being honored as one of the finest and more aware contribution to the women’s movement. In her voice and the portrayal of the main character Jane, Perkins Gilman accomplished a rare feat: the inclusion of the women as a protagonists in a patriarchal world.   In this story, the writer uses the main character, â€Å"I†, a woman in severe mental depression who demonstrates the oppression   that women at the time   were exposed to and expresses   the outcry that gender equality needed (and needs) to be eliminated entirely.The story is a tale of a woman  Ã‚   progressing from the state of normality to depression to a state of  Ã‚   insanity (due to being denied her creative output of writing), however, the underlying theme of the story expresses the average American woman’s desire to act according to her will in the highly patriarchal society of the 19th Century.Throughout the story, Gilman specifically gave the name of the husband: John, however, when she comes down to   the narrator, the most important character in the story, she uses â€Å"I† or â€Å"myself† (she only uses the narrator’s real name, Jane, once).   This different treatment   seems trivial, but it successfully sent an important message to the readers: during that time, women were so insignificant that even theirs names can be ignored. This view can also be taken in the other direction; Perkins Gilman may have used the first person singular in order for the female reader to more quickly take on the narrator’s persona so t hat her events became a part of the reader’s personal history.   Thus, each woman who reads â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† knows the oppression of being denied important aspects of the self; in this case, writing.   For, it is only when Jane is denied being allowed to write that she truly becomes insane.At the beginning of the story, the author first gave a description of the house and the room that the narrator is supposed to move into for her depression treatment. â€Å"there are hedges and walls and gates that lock, and lots of separate little houses for the gardeners and people.† ; â€Å"the windows are barred for little children, and there are rings and things in the walls.† (Gilman). All these detailed description forms a big contrast with the previous paragraph when the narrator tried to inform us the unique garden surrounding this house, â€Å"There is a delicious garden! I never saw such a gardenlarge and shady, full of box-bordered paths, and lined with long grape-covered arbors with seats under them.† (Gilman) If any readers still don’t   sense the coldness and isolation of the house from the comparison, the description of the wall paper allows for the morbidity of the story to truly be felt,   Ã¢â‚¬Å"It is dull enough to confuse the eye in following, pronounced enough to constantly irritate and provoke study†¦ The color is repellent, almost revolting; a smoldering unclean yellow, strangely faded by the slow-turning sunlight†(Gilman)The color of the wallpapers is also important reflecting the inner state of the woman. Yellow reflects the state of depression and deep psychological experience of the woman.   The narrator of The Yellow Wallpaper survives the illusions that romance and marriage deprives feelings of happiness and identity caused by her secondary and insignificant role in the life of her husband. The irony is that the husband who has to take care of his wife is unable to recogniz e serious illness and psychological disorder. He treats his wife using yellow wallpaper, but the only thing she needs is his love and acceptance that she is more than a second class human being.The main symbol of the short story is the yellow wallpaper.   The item is a projection of the main character’s psyche.   Jane sees herself, or a different vision of herself trapped in the wallpaper and she claws at it in order to free herself.   Her husband John has denied her, her one release of writing, stating that it would only endanger her mental state further.   It is in this act of denying Jane what helps her define herself in her world that instigates these psychological damages.The wallpaper is a symbol of the angst a woman feels when she is treated as a second class citizen, of when her opinion doesn’t matter, nor her feelings are considered in the deciding of her own fate.   Jane is a very direct link into the author’s own life story, as Charlotte Per kins-Gilman went through a similar crisis.Another subtle symbol in the text is that of the chains of the bed, which harkens the reader to imagine a mental institute in which the patients were so insane they had to be chained to their beds in order for the other people in the institute to feel safe.   The chains are thus a metaphor for the type of life circumstance Jane is going through.In either symbol it is clear that the idea of escape from a patriarch society is needed in order to re-claim the self.   Just as writing was Jane’s tool in the story so was it Perkins-Gilman’s tool in allowing the readers to realize that identity is the one thing that keeps a person sane.   The association the main character had with her identity, that of writing, was denied her and thus her entire identity was lost.   Writing is the pinnacle symbol in the story, illustrating to the readers that without an outlet, a way of communicating and describing one’s imagination and thoughts there is little point in an existence where the self is refuted.The conclusion is that, she , the narrator,   like a lot of women at the time were trapped in this chaotic pattern of the wallpaper, moreover, this chaos causes the women to feel inferior to men in the society. (yellow symbolizes inferiority.) If a woman, like John’s sister, was content with the situation, and never learn to break loose, the only thing they can hope for are men and their place in a patriarchal society. As a result, these 19th century women will never be treated seriously. That is the reason the narrator decides to tear down the yellow wall paper over her last couple of nights, she felt that she has broken the wallpaper and thus her husband and by extension the whole of society that sought to imprison her. This is a powerful message for the women at that time, and was regarded as a sign of craziness. These efforts are by no means considered easy, she has to crawl around in the room as the women crawl around in the â€Å"yellow wallpaper.In the story, the narrator spends a lot of time on describing her husband and the treatment she received from her doctor. There is one thing that is similar between the doctor and the husband: they are not only both highly educated, successful doctors, but the way they feel about women is   also the same: They want to treat the women with passion, and they are both loving, yet the only cure they have for women with mental depression is absolutely staying away from any meaningful work, even something they love to do. Rest and isolation are their receipt for cure. In the story, the narrator is treated like a baby by her husband, she was never treated as a patient.Sunlight is a symbol of her husband’s schedule; he is always available to give her the prescription every walking hour, then he will go somewhere the narrator is not always sure of. The schedule for the narrator is kind of â€Å"strange†, she prefers to sle ep in the sunlight, yet during the moonlight, when her husband’s control loosens, the narrator can be secretively creative. She even creeps outside not being afraid of being caught. The reader cannot   blame the narrator, because this is the only time, during the moonlight, she can find her identity and brave enough to realize her deeply hidden desires. The comparison between oppressive sunlight and free-spirited moonlight further helps the reader understand what the main character has been going through day by day.One more important point that the reader can understand after reading the whole story is aesthetic changes through insanity: Gilmans prose is a model for a convincingly gradual and subtle decline into insanity. The narrators tone changes from naà ¯ve and depressed to paranoid and excited, and as she grows insane, her sentences reflect the state of her mind. Much like the chaotic pattern in the wallpaper, the sentences get choppy and confusing, grafting together disconnected one-line comments.In real life, the author, Ms. Charlotte Perkins Gilman, is a well educated woman who has a strong sense of self-consciousness,   has developed an emotion disorder due to the fatigue and depression.   The prescription she got from her doctor was trying to abandon something she loves to do – writing. This is when â€Å"The Yellow wallpaper† was born. This is truly a wonderful piece by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. It reflects the psychological suffering women have to go through during that period of time, and Ms. Gilman accuses society of putting women into this state of paranoia, depression and self-destruction. It discloses the root cause of gender inequality and serves as the marker for the upcoming feminist movement.

Free Essays on The Scarlet Letter Of Sin

Among Sin Essay written by: PeachiKiwi Sin is defined in Webster’s New World Dictionary as, â€Å"any offense, fault, or the willful breaking of religious or moral law.† Mankind is prone to some degree of sin: it is a barrier that can not be avoided. But it is a question as to what mankind can do in order to achieve redemption from sinister ways, and also how to redeem. However great a sin may seem, it can only augment itself by the perpetrator not owning up and taking responsibility for it. In the book The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne, perhaps the greatest sinner was Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale. Many of Hawthorne's works center around what is right or wrong, and the consequences of breaking the basic links between humans by committing acts of sin (Brown). In this book, Reverend Dimmesdale is Hester Prynne’s secret lover, with whom he shares his sin, the sin of adultery. It is ironic that dispite Dimmesdale’s profession, he commits this sin. For a great amount of time in this book, author Nathaniel Hawthorne shows how this sin is frowned upon by many of the townspeople. Arthur Dimmesdale is an eminent minister in Boston and also the father of Pearl. He is a tortured man who constantly places his hand over his heart when agitated. His health is quite bad, and it is thanks to Roger Chillingworth's potions that he is able to stay alive. Dimmesdale admits to being Pearl's father at the very end of the novel, and reveals that he has a scarlet letter branded into his flesh. He dies upon the scaffold while holding Hester's hand. For seven long years, Mr. Dimmesdale lacks the courage to admit his guilt publicly, which puts a tight clamp on his conscience and soul. His sin is prolonged inside of him, festering in every corner of his body and plaguing in his mind... Free Essays on The Scarlet Letter Of Sin Free Essays on The Scarlet Letter Of Sin Among Sin Essay written by: PeachiKiwi Sin is defined in Webster’s New World Dictionary as, â€Å"any offense, fault, or the willful breaking of religious or moral law.† Mankind is prone to some degree of sin: it is a barrier that can not be avoided. But it is a question as to what mankind can do in order to achieve redemption from sinister ways, and also how to redeem. However great a sin may seem, it can only augment itself by the perpetrator not owning up and taking responsibility for it. In the book The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne, perhaps the greatest sinner was Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale. Many of Hawthorne's works center around what is right or wrong, and the consequences of breaking the basic links between humans by committing acts of sin (Brown). In this book, Reverend Dimmesdale is Hester Prynne’s secret lover, with whom he shares his sin, the sin of adultery. It is ironic that dispite Dimmesdale’s profession, he commits this sin. For a great amount of time in this book, author Nathaniel Hawthorne shows how this sin is frowned upon by many of the townspeople. Arthur Dimmesdale is an eminent minister in Boston and also the father of Pearl. He is a tortured man who constantly places his hand over his heart when agitated. His health is quite bad, and it is thanks to Roger Chillingworth's potions that he is able to stay alive. Dimmesdale admits to being Pearl's father at the very end of the novel, and reveals that he has a scarlet letter branded into his flesh. He dies upon the scaffold while holding Hester's hand. For seven long years, Mr. Dimmesdale lacks the courage to admit his guilt publicly, which puts a tight clamp on his conscience and soul. His sin is prolonged inside of him, festering in every corner of his body and plaguing in his mind...

Buddhism1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Buddhism1 - Essay Example Thirdly, I was surprised to learn that Buddhism to a certain extent is a rebel religion. I never thought that it is important to engage the analysis of Hinduism which is the dominant spiritual tradition in the area when it comes to understanding the true meaning of the religion in question. The part of the text which dealt with four noble truths as well as eightfold path was extremely informative for me since it contained a brief summary of the Buddhist teaching and allowed me to learn the fundamental concepts of it in a short period of time. Finally, having read the text, I think that there is a great future ahead Buddhism. Indeed, while other religions are primarily based on some miracles and encourage people to look outside for the answers, Buddhism argues that all the answers are inside. I believe that numerous people around the world would find the tenets of this spiritual tradition quite interesting and will be willing to incorporate it into their